Okay, let's break down the situation with your stepson's house, the electrical code, and potential recourse.

Understanding the NEC (National Electrical Code) and Bathroom Circuits The Rule

The National Electrical Code (NEC) has specific requirements for bathroom circuits for safety reasons. The key principle is to minimize the risk of shock in a wet environment. The specific rule you're referring to likely stems from NEC 210.11(C)(3) which states that: "The 20-ampere bathroom branch circuit(s) required by 210.11(C)(3) shall supply only bathroom receptacle outlet(s), and where also supplying other equipment within the same bathroom, shall supply only such bathroom equipment." In other words, you can have a 20 amp circuit dedicated to only bathroom receptacles in one or more bathrooms. You can have a bathroom receptacle wired in a bathroom circuit that includes other loads in the same bathroom. But you cannot wire any loads outside the bathroom on a bathroom circuit.

Common Misinterpretations

The NEC does not prohibit multiple bathrooms from sharing the same 20-amp receptacle circuit as long as that circuit only serves receptacles within the bathrooms. This is why you'll often see bathrooms close to each other sharing a circuit.

What's Not Allowed

The critical point is that the bathroom circuit cannot supply any other outlets or devices outside of the bathroom (like bedroom outlets, hallway lights, etc.).

Why Your Stepson's Situation Seems Wrong

The fact that a bedroom heater tripping a breaker also cuts power to the bathroom is a strong indication that the bathroom circuit is also supplying the bedroom receptacle or the heater is causing a voltage drop on the shared circuit. This is very likely a code violation.

Possible Explanations and Causes Incorrect Wiring

The most likely cause is that the builder or electrician incorrectly wired the house. They might have tied the bedroom outlet into the bathroom circuit to save on wiring or circuit breakers.

Inspector Error

While inspectors are supposed to catch code violations, mistakes can happen. The inspector might have overlooked the improper wiring during the inspection.

Later Modification

While less likely in a new house, it's possible that a homeowner or someone else modified the wiring after the inspection, introducing the problem.

Is the Builder/Seller Liable? Breach of Contract/Warranty

Most new home contracts include warranties that the house is built to code and free from defects. A code violation like this could be considered a breach of warranty.

Negligence

The builder has a duty to build the house according to code. If they failed to do so, they could be found negligent.

Disclosure

In some jurisdictions, sellers have a duty to disclose known defects to potential buyers. If the builder/seller knew about the wiring issue and didn't disclose it, they could be liable.

What to Do Now1. Document Everything

Keep records of everything, including: The incident with the heater tripping the breaker. Dates, times, and details of what happened. Any communications with the builder, seller, or warranty company. Photos or videos of the issue.2.

Contact the Builder/Seller

Start by contacting the builder or seller (if the house is still under warranty). Explain the situation and request that they fix the problem. Put your request in writing (email or certified letter) to create a paper trail.3.

Consult an Electrician

Hire a licensed and qualified electrician to inspect the wiring and provide a written report. The report should clearly state: The code violation. The cause of the problem. The necessary repairs.Having a professional electrician's report will be crucial for any legal action.4.

Check the Local Building Codes

Obtain a copy of the electrical code that was in effect when the house was built (2022). This will be important if you need to prove that the wiring violated the code.5.

Contact the Local Building Department

File a complaint with the local building department. They can investigate the issue and order the builder to correct the violation.6.

Consider Legal Action

If the builder/seller refuses to fix the problem, or if the warranty has expired, you might need to consider legal action. Consult with an attorney specializing in real estate or construction defects. They can advise you on your rights and options.

Important Considerations Statute of Limitations

There's a time limit (statute of limitations) for filing a lawsuit for construction defects. It's important to act quickly to preserve your legal rights.

"As Is" Sales

If the house was sold "as is," it might be more difficult to pursue legal action against the seller. However, even in "as is" sales, sellers usually have a duty to disclose known defects.*

Cost of Repairs

Get estimates for the cost of the necessary electrical repairs. This will be important for any legal action.

In Summary

The situation your stepson is experiencing is highly likely a code violation. He should take immediate steps to document the issue, contact the builder/seller, hire a qualified electrician for an inspection, and consult with legal counsel if necessary. Don't delay, as time is of the essence in these matters. Flag for review