The general rule is that all conductors, including the equipment grounding conductor (ground wire), are counted when calculating conduit fill.

Here's why: Heat Dissipation

All conductors in a conduit generate heat when current flows through them. This heat needs to dissipate. Overcrowding can impede heat dissipation, potentially leading to insulation breakdown and fire hazards. The ground wire, while not typically carrying current under normal conditions, still contributes to the overall heat load within the conduit, especially during a fault.

Physical Space

The physical size of the ground wire takes up space within the conduit. This reduces the available area for other conductors, impacting the ability to pull and manage the wires safely.*

Code Requirements

The National Electrical Code (NEC) and similar codes in other jurisdictions explicitly require including the equipment grounding conductor in conduit fill calculations.

In summary, you must include the ground wire when determining conduit fill percentage and assessing the risk of wire jamming.

Consult your local electrical code (such as the NEC in the US) for the specific fill percentages allowed for different types of conduit and conductor arrangements. Always adhere to the most restrictive requirements to ensure safety and code compliance. Flag for review