Okay, let's break down how to estimate your expected peak demand for NYSEG's requirements. You're right, it's about finding the highest likely simultaneous draw of power. Since you're building from scratch, we'll have to estimate. We'll use your load calculations as the foundation and then apply some realistic usage factors.

Understanding the Challenge

The challenge is that not everything will be on simultaneously at its maximum rated power. We need to consider usage patterns. For example: A range might have a high nameplate wattage, but the burners cycle on and off, and the oven likely isn't used for hours every day. Clothes dryers run in cycles. Air conditioners cycle based on thermostat settings. Lighting loads vary based on time of day and activity.

General Approach

Here's a step-by-step approach. We'll do it separately for the modular and the mobile home, and then we'll combine the results.1. Review Your Load Calculations (Critical First Step)

Carefully review your load calculations. Are they maximum potential loads, or do they already reflect some realistic usage adjustments? If they are purely based on appliance nameplate ratings, we'll need to be more aggressive with demand factors.

2. Separate Loads into Categories



Heating/Cooling (HVAC)

These are often the largest single loads.

Water Heating

Electric water heaters can draw significant power.

Cooking

Range, oven, microwave.

Laundry

Washer, dryer.

Lighting

Interior and exterior.

Refrigeration

Refrigerator, freezer.

Small Appliances & Electronics

Toasters, coffee makers, TVs, computers, etc.

Garage

Outlets, lighting, possible tools or equipment.

Other

Anything else unique to your situation (e.g., well pump, electric vehicle charger).

3. Apply Demand Factors (Estimate Simultaneous Usage)

This is the trickiest part. You need to estimate how likely it is that each load will be running at its maximum capacity at the same time during peak hours (typically 5 PM to 9 PM). Demand factors are percentagesHere's a table with suggested demand factors. Adjust them based on your specific knowledge of how the properties will be used. This is just a starting point:| Load Category | Suggested Demand Factor (Residential) | Rationale

--------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Heating/Cooling (HVAC) | 60-80% (Consider climate/season) | HVAC systems cycle. Also, in milder climates, you may not be using heating and cooling simultaneously. In colder climates the heat is on and off all night.

Water Heating | 30-50% | Water heaters have a large tank and cycle on and off to maintain temperature. Usage is typically short bursts.

Cooking | 40-60% | Range burners cycle. Oven is unlikely to be used continuously for hours every day. Microwave usage is typically short.

Laundry | 30-50% | Dryer cycles and takes time to do loads. Washer doesn't run continuously. Very unlikely both will be running at maximum load at the same time.

Lighting | 50-70% | People generally don't have every light in the house on at the same time. Modern LED lighting also reduces this load.

Refrigeration | 30-40% | Refrigerators and freezers cycle on and off.

Small Appliances & Electronics | 20-30% | These are very diverse. Some, like coffee makers, are short-duration. Others, like TVs, might be on for several hours. It's unlikely all of them will be on at once at their maximum rating.

Garage | 20-40% | Depends on garage usage. If it's just for parking, the load is minimal. If it's a workshop, usage could be higher.

Other | Varies; consider usage patterns | Evaluate based on how likely these are to be running simultaneously with other loads. |

4. Calculate the Adjusted Load for Each Category

Multiply the load for each category (from your load calculations) by the corresponding demand factor. `Adjusted Load (kW) = Load (kW) Demand Factor`

5. Sum the Adjusted Loads

Add up all the adjusted loads (in kW) for each category to get the estimated peak demand in kW for each building: `Estimated Peak Demand (kW) = Sum of Adjusted Loads (kW)`

6. Calculate kVA

kVA (kilovolt-amperes) is related to kW (kilowatts) by the power factor (PF): `kVA = kW / Power Factor` For residential loads, a power factor of 0.85 to 0.9 is commonly used. If you don't have specific information, use 0.85 for a conservative estimate. `Estimated Peak Demand (kVA) = Estimated Peak Demand (kW) / 0.85`

7. Combine the Peak Demands

Add the estimated peak demand (kW and kVA) for the modular home and the mobile home to get the total estimated peak demand for both services.

Example (Simplified - Modular Home Only)

Let's say your load calculation for the modular home shows the following (these are just examples): Heating (Electric Resistance): 10 kW Water Heating: 4.5 kW Cooking: 8 kW Lighting: 3 kW Refrigeration: 0.5 kW Small Appliances: 2 kWApplying the demand factors from the table above (using the lower end of the ranges for a more conservative estimate): Heating: 10 kW 0.6 = 6 kW Water Heating: 4.5 kW 0.3 = 1.35 kW Cooking: 8 kW 0.4 = 3.2 kW Lighting: 3 kW 0.5 = 1.5 kW Refrigeration: 0.5 kW 0.3 = 0.15 kW Small Appliances: 2 kW 0.2 = 0.4 kW

Estimated Peak Demand (kW) = 6 + 1.35 + 3.2 + 1.5 + 0.15 + 0.4 = 12.6 kW (rounded)Estimated Peak Demand (kVA) = 12.6 kW / 0.85 = 14.8 kVA (rounded)Repeat this process for the mobile home.Then, add the kW and kVA values for the modular and mobile homes together.Important Considerations and Tips



Be Conservative

It's better to overestimate slightly than to underestimate. Underestimating could lead to insufficient service capacity and potential problems later. This is especially true if there's a chance of future expansion (e.g., adding an electric vehicle charger).

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging

If there's any possibility of future EV charging, include a realistic estimate for that load. Level 2 chargers can draw 7 kW or more continuously. This can significantly increase peak demand.

Talk to an Electrician

A licensed electrician experienced with residential load calculations can provide valuable insights and help you fine-tune your estimates based on local conditions and building codes. They may also be familiar with NYSEG's specific requirements.

Justify Your Assumptions

When you submit your peak demand estimates to NYSEG, briefly explain the demand factors you used and why. This shows them you've thought about it carefully. For example: "We have used a demand factor of 60% for heating due to the expected efficiency of the insulation and the thermostat settings likely to be used."

Flexibility

Consider if there are any loads that can be shifted to off-peak hours. For example, you might be able to program an EV charger to only charge overnight.*

Submit Your Work

Compile your calculations neatly (spreadsheet is ideal) and include a cover letter explaining your approach and assumptions. This will make it easier for NYSEG to review your request.

In summary: Your calculations are a good starting point. Apply the demand factors to estimate the peak demand and be conservative when doing so. Also document what you do and submit it for review. Good luck! Flag for review