You're right, dock wiring can be confusing because it's a unique environment with specific code requirements. Let's break down your situation and address your questions

1. Feed to the First Panel (at the Start of the Wooden Dock):
Overcurrent Protection

Yes, the feed to the first panel absolutely needs overcurrent protection. This is your main breaker protecting the entire run of wire from the subpanel.

GFPE (Ground Fault Protection of Equipment) vs. GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter)

This is where it gets tricky, and where a lot of confusion arises.

GFCI

GFCI protection is designed to protect people from electric shock. It trips at a very low leakage current (4-6 mA). This is what protects you from getting a shock if you touch something with a fault. GFCI protection is mandatory for most outlets on docks.

GFPE

GFPE is designed to protect equipment from damage due to ground faults. It trips at a much higher leakage current (typically 30 mA). It won't necessarily protect you from a shock, but it can prevent equipment from overheating and causing a fire in case of a ground fault.

The Key Distinction for Docks

The NEC (National Electrical Code), specifically Article 555 (Marinas and Boatyards), requires GFPE protection for the main feeder to the dock's first panel. This is primarily to reduce the risk of stray currents in the water, which can cause corrosion and damage to boats (galvanic corrosion).

Is GFPE Better Than GFCI? Not necessarily "better" in general. They have different purposes. GFCI is crucial for personnel safety. GFPE is crucial for protecting equipment and preventing stray currents in the water in a marina environment. You need both. Nuisance Trips

GFPE breakers are less prone to nuisance tripping than GFCIs, because they allow a higher leakage current before tripping. However, if you're experiencing frequent GFPE trips, it indicates a real problem with the wiring or equipment (leakage current). It is not the norm.

Recommendation for the Feed to the First Panel



Install a GFPE breaker in the subpanel feeding the dock's first panel. The size of the breaker will depend on the wire size you're using for the feeder. Consult the manufacturer's specs of the breaker on the required size and torque for the wire.2. Shore Power Box at the Bottom of the Aluminum Ramp



GFCI Protection

The outlets in the shore power box must have GFCI protection. You can achieve this either with GFCI breakers in the first panel on the dock feeding that circuit, or with GFCI receptacles in the shore power box itself. GFCI receptacles are more common and easier to troubleshoot.

Overcurrent Protection

The circuit feeding the shore power box needs its own breaker in the first panel. The size of this breaker depends on the wire size and the amperage rating of the receptacles in the shore power box.

Shore Power Receptacles

Ensure the shore power receptacles are rated for marine use (weatherproof and corrosion-resistant).

3. Bonding (Grounding) of Metal Parts



Yes, absolutely! All metal parts of the dock, including the aluminum ramp, must be bonded together and connected to the grounding system. This is critical for safety and to prevent corrosion. Solid Copper Wire

Use solid copper wire (typically #6 AWG) for bonding. The NEC has specific requirements for the size and type of bonding conductors in marina environments.

Bonding Points

Bond the aluminum ramp to the dock's main grounding electrode conductor (GEC), the metal panel enclosures, and any other metal structures.

Rationale

Bonding creates a common electrical potential between all metal parts. This minimizes the risk of voltage differences that could cause electric shock or corrosion.

Summary of Recommendations


Subpanel

Install a GFPE breaker in the subpanel feeding the dock.2.

First Panel (on Dock)

Main breaker (matched to the feeder wire size). Breaker for the shore power box circuit (GFCI or standard, depending on your GFCI strategy at the shore power box). Breakers for any other circuits on the dock (lighting, etc.).3.

Shore Power Box

GFCI-protected receptacles (either GFCI breakers in the first panel or GFCI receptacles in the box). Marine-grade receptacles. Weatherproof enclosure.4.

Bonding

Bond all metal parts (aluminum ramp, metal panel enclosures, etc.) with solid copper wire. Connect the bonding system to the dock's grounding electrode conductor (GEC).

Important Considerations



NEC (National Electrical Code) Article 555

This is the governing standard for electrical wiring in marinas and boatyards. Familiarize yourself with its requirements. This is not optional.

Local Codes and Permits

Check with your local municipality and/or electrical inspector for any specific requirements or permits needed for dock wiring.

Licensed Electrician

Given the complexity and safety implications of dock wiring, it's highly recommended to hire a qualified, licensed electrician experienced in marina/dock electrical systems. They will ensure compliance with all applicable codes and ensure the system is installed safely and correctly.

Corrosion

Use marine-grade materials and connectors specifically designed for saltwater environments to minimize corrosion.

Water Levels

Consider the high and low tide levels when planning the placement of electrical components.

Grounding Electrode

Establish a proper grounding electrode system for the dock. This may involve grounding rods or other approved methods.

In short, while you can familiarize yourself with the general concepts, dock wiring is NOT a DIY project for most people. The risks of improper wiring are significant (electric shock, fire, corrosion). Hiring a qualified electrician is the best way to ensure a safe and reliable system. Flag for review