You are correct; the NEC does not have a specific demand factor for tanning beds. You need to treat them as continuous loads, meaning you need to size the conductors and overcurrent protection at 125% of the full-load current of each unit.Here's a breakdown based on the 2023 NEC

1. Demand Factor:
No Specific Demand Factor

The NEC doesn't provide a specific demand factor for tanning beds. This means you cannot apply a blanket reduction based on the number of units.

2. Continuous Load



NEC 210.20(A)

Branch-circuit conductors and overcurrent protection for continuous loads must be rated at not less than 125% of the continuous load.

NEC 215.3

Feeders are sized similar to branch circuits based on continuous load being 125% of the total load.

NEC 220.18

Service calculations are calculated similarly as well.

Practical Implication

This means if a tanning bed is rated for 30 amps, the breaker and conductors must be rated for at least 37.5 amps (30 amps 1.25). You would round up to the next standard breaker size (likely 40A) and use conductors rated for at least 40A, taking into account the terminal temperature ratings of the tanning beds.

3. GFCI Protection

This is where it gets a bit nuanced and depends on the specific installation. Here's how to approach it:

NEC 210.8(B)(1-5) & (C)(1-5) - Commercial, Industrial, and Other Workplace Locations

The rule for GFCI protection generally includes all 125V through 250V receptacles. However, these rules are normally in reference to receptacle outlets, not hard wired equipment.

Hard-Wired Equipment

Tanning beds are often hard-wired, not connected via a receptacle. In this case, you need to look at other sections that specifically address hard-wired equipment in commercial locations.

2023 NEC 422.5(A)

GFCI protection is required for specific appliances listed in this section. The NEC doesn't mention tanning beds specifically here.

Manufacturer's Instructions

This is critical. The manufacturer of the tanning beds will likely specify whether GFCI protection is required or recommended in their installation instructions. You must follow these instructions.

This is the most important factor. Local Amendments

Check your local amendments to the NEC. Some jurisdictions may have more stringent requirements for GFCI protection in tanning salons.

Risk Assessment

As a professional, consider a risk assessment. Even if the NEC and manufacturer don't require GFCI protection, it may be prudent to install it for safety, especially in a potentially damp environment.

4. 3-Phase Considerations



Voltage Imbalance

Ensure the 3-phase power is balanced across the tanning beds. Uneven loading can damage the equipment.

Conductor Sizing

Calculate the current per phase and size the conductors and overcurrent protection accordingly.

Neutral Conductor

If the load is unbalanced, a neutral conductor will be required and must be sized appropriately.

Disconnecting Means

Each tanning bed must have a disconnecting means (breaker or switch) readily accessible, in sight, or capable of being locked in the open position per NEC 422.30-34.

Summary and Action Items


Load Calculation

Accurately determine the full-load current for each tanning bed from the nameplate.2.

Continuous Load Adjustment

Multiply each tanning bed's full-load current by 125% to determine the required conductor ampacity and overcurrent protection.3.

Manufacturer's Instructions

Thoroughly read and follow the manufacturer's installation instructions for each tanning bed model. Pay close attention to GFCI requirements, voltage, and grounding.4.

GFCI Protection

If required by the manufacturer or local codes, provide GFCI protection. If not required, consider the risk and consult with the owner about the potential benefits of GFCI protection.5.

Local Codes

Verify your local electrical codes and amendments for any additional requirements.6.

3-Phase Balance

Ensure proper load balancing on the 3-phase system.7.

Disconnecting Means

Provide appropriately rated disconnecting means for each tanning bed.8.

Voltage Drop Conductors must be sized for voltage drop.

Example

Let's say a tanning bed is rated for 480V, 3-phase, and draws 30 amps per phase. Continuous Load: 30 amps 1.25 = 37.5 amps. Breaker: Use a 40-amp breaker. Conductors: Use conductors rated for at least 40 amps, and appropriate for the terminal temperature rating of the tanning bed and breaker. GFCI: Must follow the manufacturer's instructions. If required, provide a 3-phase GFCI breaker.
Important Disclaimer: I am an AI chatbot and cannot provide electrical design services. This information is for general guidance only. Consult with a licensed electrical engineer or qualified electrician to ensure compliance with all applicable codes and regulations.* They will have the expertise to properly assess the specific installation and make informed decisions about safety and code compliance. Flag for review